I Jornades sobre com elaborar un Treball Final de Grau

On 23 February the UOC’s Law and Political Science Department hosted the 1st Conference on "How to write a Final Degree Project". The conference was organised jointly by Professor of Criminology Dr Patricia Hernández and the Interuniversity Association of Criminology (AIC) and was addressed to all UOC students who wanted to learn more about how the subject works, in particular those who have enrolled for it in the current semester (February-July 2017). The Conference was also open to criminology students from other universities.El pasado 23 de febrero, los Estudios de Derecho y Ciencia Política de la UOC organizaron la primera jornada sobre cómo elaborar un trabajo final de grado. La jornada se organizó de forma conjunta por la Dra. Patricia Hernández, profesora de Criminología de la UOC, y por la Asociación Interuniversitaria de Criminología (AIC), y estuvo dirigida a todos los alumnos de la UOC que estuviesen interesados en conocer con más detalle el funcionamiento de la asignatura, con especial atención a aquellos que se han matriculado en esta asignatura en el presente semestre (febrero-julio de 2017). Asimismo, la jornada también estuvo abierta a estudiantes de Criminología de otras universidades. El passat 23 de febrer els Estudis de Dret i Ciència Política de la UOC van organitzar les I Jornades sobre Com Elaborar un Treball Final de Grau. Aquestes es van dur a terme de manera conjunta entre la professora de Criminologia Dra. Patricia Hernández i l’Associació Interuniversitària de Criminologia (AIC), i anaven dirigides a tots els alumnes de la UOC que estiguessin interessats a conèixer amb més detall el funcionament de l’assignatura i, especialment, a aquells que s’hi han matriculat en el semestre present (febrer – juliol del 2017). Així mateix, les jornades van estar obertes a estudiants de Criminologia d’altres universitats

Preparing Tomorrow’s World Language Teacher Today: The Case for Seamless Induction

This essay is a call to action. It offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges facing world language (WL) teacher educators and their employers, the K-12 schools, during the teacher induction period. We propose a new paradigm for WL teacher education based on national accreditation standards, best-practice pedagogy, insights from the professional literature on methods education, and the enhanced role of the methods instructor/supervisor. In order to become successful in the classroom, the pre-service educator undergoes a seamless period of induction that is student-centered and college/university-supported beyond the classroom arena

What the brain 'Likes': neural correlates of providing feedback on social media.

Evidence increasingly suggests that neural structures that respond to primary and secondary rewards are also implicated in the processing of social rewards. The 'Like'-a popular feature on social media-shares features with both monetary and social rewards as a means of feedback that shapes reinforcement learning. Despite the ubiquity of the Like, little is known about the neural correlates of providing this feedback to others. In this study, we mapped the neural correlates of providing Likes to others on social media. Fifty-eight adolescents and young adults completed a task in the MRI scanner designed to mimic the social photo-sharing app Instagram. We examined neural responses when participants provided positive feedback to others. The experience of providing Likes to others on social media related to activation in brain circuity implicated in reward, including the striatum and ventral tegmental area, regions also implicated in the experience of receiving Likes from others. Providing Likes was also associated with activation in brain regions involved in salience processing and executive function. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the neural processing of social rewards, as well as the neural processes underlying social media use

Stimulus Control Exerted by Remember Cues Over Processing in Pigeons’ Short-Term Memory

The aim of the present research was to provide further evidence regarding the role of remember cues on pigeon short-term memory. The first two experiments were conducted to determine whether, using a single cuing procedure, control over delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) performance could be demonstrated by establishing a no cue condition as an implicit cue to forget. In Experiment 1, subjects were provided with training in a procedure where both forget cue (F) and no cues indicated the omission of the comparison stimuli at the end of the delay interval. In Experiment 2, naive subjects were trained with remember (R) and F trials cued from the outset. In both experiments the cuing effect was evaluated with R, F, and no cue probe trials where the cues were presented in the beginning, middle, or end of a 3 sec delay interval. The results revealed that DMTS accuracy on F cued probe trials was significantly lower than that on R cued or no cue probe trials. Performance on R cued and no cue probe trials was statistically equivalent despite both the explicit training of the no cue condition to function as an implicit cue to forget (Experiment 1), and cuing R and F trials from the outset and presenting the no cue trials only during probe testing (Experiment 2). The main aim of the third experiment was to determine whether the attenuating effect of an R cue over a previously presented F cue was the result of conditioning history. The cuing effect was evaluated in three types of single cued trials (R, F, and no cue), and two types of double cued trials (forget-remember, FR, and forget-novel, FN). The results indicated identical performance in FR and FN cued probe trials, suggesting that the novelty of presenting two cues in the retention interval may play a role in determining DMTS performance in double cued probe trials. Performance on double cued and no cue probe trials did not significantly differ from R or F cued probe trials. The evidence is contrary to the hypothesis that, as a result of previous training, a no cue functions as an implicit remember cue

Identidad Social y Protesta Política en la Transición Democrática Mexicana

Se realizó un estudio para analizar la influencia del componente de la identidad social en las acciones de protesta política en el marco del desafuero del alcalde de la Ciudad de México. De los elementos que componen la identidad social sólo la estructura de la situación intergrupal y la identificación grupal resultaron ser variables con capacidad predictiva, así se evidencia que la pertenencia a organizaciones, el grado de inclusión en la identificación y la valoración política no impactan en la decisión de participar en acciones de protesta

“APLICACIÓN DE LA NUTRICIÓN EN LA ALIMENTACIÓN SUSTENTABLE Y EL PAPEL DEL NUTRIÓLOGO EN EL CUIDADO DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE”

La sustentabilidad se refiere a todo aquello que contribuye con las necesidades de las generaciones presentes sin colocar en riesgo las necesidades de las futuras generaciones. Esto quiere decir que se busca la manera de aprovechar de la mejor manera posible, los recursos con los que se cuenta, procurando que esos mismos se renueven o no se exploten en demasía para que futuras generaciones puedan aprovechar sus beneficios también. En cuanto a la nutrición, la sustentabilidad pretende que la dieta actual cumpla con los requisitos de ser equilibrada, variada, completa, suficiente, inocua y adecuada para cada individuo, procurando que los alimentos sean de la mayor calidad posible y buscando maneras de que no se afecte al ecosistema en la producción de los mismos. Por lo tanto, los hábitos alimenticios deben ser considerados saludables desde un punto de vista nutricional y ambientalmente compatibles. La salud es la principal preocupación de todos los seres humanos y la alimentación es parte inseparable de una buena salud. La producción y venta de alimentos ecológicos, y por lo tanto sustentables, vienen a dar respuestas a los consumidores y a la cada vez mayor atención que se presta a la alimentación en la actualidad. La alimentación sustentable consiste, principalmente, en buscar la manera de consumir productos orgánicos o ecológicos. Este tipo de productos son aquellos que son producidos sin pesticidas ni agroquímicos de síntesis y que son controlados durante toda la cadena productiva, de tal forma que se garantizan alimentos sanos para el consumidor y con grandes beneficios al ambiente antes, durante y después de su producción

Matrix Metalloproteinases as Regulators of Periodontal Inflammation

Periodontitis are infectious diseases characterized by immune-mediated destruction of periodontal supporting tissues and tooth loss. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key proteases involved in destructive periodontal diseases. The study and interest in MMP has been fuelled by emerging evidence demonstrating the broad spectrum of molecules that can be cleaved by them and the myriad of biological processes that they can potentially regulate. The huge complexity of MMP functions within the protease web' is crucial for many physiologic and pathologic processes, including immunity, inflammation, bone resorption, and wound healing. Evidence points out that MMPs assemble in activation cascades and besides their classical extracellular matrix substrates, they cleave several signalling moleculessuch as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, among othersregulating their biological functions and/or bioavailability during periodontal diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of emerging evidence of MMPs as regulators of periodontal inflammation.Peer reviewe

Oxidative Stress in the Local and Systemic Events of Apical Periodontitis

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory disorders. Apical periodontitis (AP) usually results in the formation of an osteolytic apical lesion (AL) caused by the immune response to endodontic infection. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by phagocytic cells in response to bacterial challenge represent an important host defense mechanism, but disturbed redox balance results in tissue injury. This mini review focuses on the role of oxidative stress in the local and associated systemic events in chronic apical periodontitis. During endodontic infection, ligation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on phagocytes' surface triggers activation, phagocytosis, synthesis of ROS, activation of humoral and cellular responses, and production of inflammatory mediators, such as, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The increment in ROS perturbs the normal redox balance and shifts cells into a state of oxidative stress. ROS induce molecular damage and disturbed redox signaling, that result in the loss of bone homeostasis, increased pro-inflammatory mediators, and MMP overexpression and activation, leading to apical tissue breakdown. On the other hand, oxidative stress has been strongly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, where a chronic inflammatory process develops in the arterial wall. Chronic AP is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and especially atherogenesis. The potential mechanisms linking these diseases are also discussed.Peer reviewe